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Weed Management for Newer Peanut Counties

Dr. Eric P. Prostko
Extension Weed Specialist
University of Georgia
Tifton

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Weed Management for "Newer" Peanut Counties Some things to think about... Weed Competition Peanut yield losses (%) caused by various weeds at a density of 1 plant/meter of crop row. The Peanut Weed Control Toolbox: 16 active ingredients The foundation of weed management in peanuts is the yellow/DNA herbicides! Herbicide Incorporation Herbicide Incorporation Herbicide Incorporation Strongarm or Valor Strongarm vs. Valor Avoid Valor Injury Valor Clean-Up Procedures Valor Rotation Restrictions Strongarm Rotational Restrictions Consider Using Paraquat Gramoxone Max vs. Gramoxone Max + Storm Consider Using Cadre Cadre Rotational Restrictions When is the best time to use Cadre? If you cannot use Cadre... Enemies of POST Herbicides Get the most from your Posts! Optimum Timing of POST Applications Weed control programs for $355/ton peanuts? Program 1 Program 2 Program 3 Program 4 What herbicides do the top "older" peanut growers use?

SLIDE CONTENTS

Weed Management for “Newer” Peanut Counties Dr. Eric P. Prostko Extension Weed Specialist Dept. of Crop & Soil Sciences University of Georgia Tifton April 2004 Some things to think about…. know your weeds rotational crops field by field treatments?? weed competition Weed Competition 100% weed control is not practical 1st 4-6 weeks most important later emerging weeds usually do not cause yield losses (harvest problems) all weeds are not created equal generally, grass weeds more competitive than broadleaf weeds Peanut yield losses (%) caused by various weeds at a density of 1 plant/meter of crop row. Source: Thomas et al., 2004, Weed Technology 18:119-123 The Peanut Weed Control Toolbox16 active ingredients PPI/PRE Sonalan Prowl/Pendimax Dual Magnum Frontier/Outlook Pursuit Strongarm Valor Zorial POST Gramoxone Max Basagran Ultra Blazer Cadre Classic Poast Pursuit Select/Arrow Storm 2,4-DB The foundation of weed management in peanuts is the yellow/DNA herbicides! Sonalan, Prowl, Pendimax , Prowl H2O inexpensive Texas panicum Florida pusley must be incorporated by tillage or irrigation Herbicide Incorporation type of equipment number of passes soil condition too wet reduce soil movement clods increase in volatility too dry reduced adsorption increased soil flow Herbicide Incorporation Herbicide Incorporation or Equally as effective Center-pivot irrigation is $2-7/A cheaper! Strongarm or Valor soil-applied broadleaf weed both weak on sicklepod crop injury rotation restrictions price/A Strongarm vs. Valor Avoid Valor Injury read entire label!! calibrate sprayer plant at least 1.5” deep apply immediately after planting rainfall at-cracking will cause injury clean sprayer before treating cotton Valor Clean-Up Procedures tank vs. hose issue polyurethane vs. rubber anti-drip systems with diaphragms flush hoses after use release pressure delay spraying for 20-30 seconds Valor Rotation Restrictions Strongarm Rotational Restrictions Consider Using Paraquat less than $2.00/A if not using Valor or Strongarm if beggarweed, sicklepod and t. panicum are main problems apply early tank-mixes with Basagran, Storm, 2,4-D, Dual Gramoxone Max 8 ozs/A Gramoxone Max 10 ozs/A + Storm (1.5 pt/A) 1 DAT Consider Using Cadre controls most weeds except ragweed, croton, bristly starbur Is it worth the rotational crop risk?? Cadre Rotational Restrictions When is the best time to use Cadre? following an “at-crack” application of paraquat or following a PRE application of Valor or Strongarm If you cannot use Cadre…... weed control costs will probably be higher purple nutsedge will not be controlled Dual Magnum ($10-14/A) but not as effective. Older herbicides (Basagran, Blazer, Storm) effective but have some weaknesses Enemies of POST Herbicides dry weather big weeds Get the most from your Posts! can’t do much about the weather but can greatly influence application * calibration * timing * adjuvants * nozzle selection * spray volume * antagonism Optimum Timing of POST Applications definitely probably No way!!! Weed control programs for $355/ton peanuts?(approximate costs/A) Program 1(15 GAP, not including application) Program 2 (15 GAP, not including application) * weed resistance potential increased with this program Program 3 (15 GAP, not including application) Program 4 (15 GAP, not including application) What herbicides do the top “older” peanut growers use? 2003 Peanut Achievement Club 16 Farms average farm size 454 acres average yield 5141 lbs/A Top 5 herbicides used Sonalan = 94% Cadre = 81% Gramoxone Max = 56% 2,4-DB = 50% Valor, Basagran = 37%