Slide Presentation

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AUTHOR
Dr. Eric P. Prostko
Extension Weed Specialist
University of Georgia
Tifton, GA

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
  1. Pesticide Drift Management
  2. Pesticide Drift Management: Topics For Discussion
  3. What is pesticide drift??
  4. Spray drift is undesirable!!
  5. Corn and Grain Sorghum Yield Loss From Simulated Staple Drift, College Station, 1994
  6. Physical Drift
  7. Studies have shown that equipment and its operation are responsible for 68-90% of the physical drift problems while weather accounts for 10-32%
  8. Physical Drift: Droplet Size
  9. Fall Rate of Various Size Droplets
  10. Relationship of Particle Size to Drift
  11. Physical Drift: Droplet Size
  12. Physical Drift: Spray Boom Height
  13. Physical Drift: Weather
  14. Physical Drift: Temperature Inversions
  15. Physical Drift: Other Factors to Consider
  16. Physical Drift: Nozzle Orientation
  17. Influence of Spray Pressure on Droplet Size: Flat Fan Nozzle - 0.6 GPM
  18. Physical Drift: Spray Volume
  19. Vapor Drift
  20. Vapor drift can occur even days after the application
  21. Vapor Pressure Values of Various Chemicals
  22. Pesticide Drift Management: Equipment Modifications
  23. Pesticide Drift Management: Drift Control Agents
  24. Drift Fallout As Influenced By Pressure and Nalcotrol
  25. Top 10 Tips For Reducing Pesticide Drift
  26. References used in the development of this slide set



SLIDE CONTENTS
  1. Pesticide Drift Management Dr. Eric P. Prostko Extension Weed Specialist University of Georgia
  2. Pesticide Drift Management Topics For Discussion definition types of drift factors affecting drift equipment management
  3. What is pesticide drift?? the movement of the pesticide away from the target area. physical drift vapor drift
  4. Spray drift is undesirable!! inefficient use of equipment and time under-application/ineffective control litigation concerns unintentional contamination of foodstuffs air/water pollution livestock and human health/safety
  5. Corn and Grain Sorghum Yield Loss From Simulated Staple Drift, College Station, 1994. Applied 30 DAP
  6. Physical Drift movement of pesticide away from target during application droplet size boom height weather
  7. Studies have shown that equipment and its operation are responsible for 68-90% of the physical drift problems while weather accounts for 10-32%. D. B. Smith et al., 1982
  8. Physical Drift Droplet Size measured in microns hair - 50 microns 20-370 micron range 200 micron average smaller drops increase drift potential (< 100)
  9. Fall Rate of Various Size Droplets
  10. Relationship of Particle Size to Drift Based upon 10’ fall in 3 MPH winds
  11. Physical Drift Droplet Size nozzle selection Drift Guard Nozzles * reduces volume of droplets below 200 microns up to 65% Raindrop Nozzles * 0.7% - 200 microns or less
  12. Physical Drift Spray Boom Height Spacing * Wide-angle nozzles can be placed lower to the ground but also produce smaller droplets. * Easy and inexpensive
  13. Physical Drift Weather wind speed/direction * most important temperature humidity inversions
  14. Physical Drift Temperature Inversions Normal Inversion
  15. Physical Drift Other Factors to Consider nozzle orientation spray pressure spray volume
  16. Physical Drift Nozzle Orientation ground speeds > 10 MPH 450 or more from perpendicular 30% < 100 microns 88% < 100 microns
  17. Influence of Spray Pressure on Droplet Size Flat Fan Nozzle - 0.6 GPM
  18. Physical Drift Spray Volume most effective means to increase spray volume is to increase nozzle orifice size i.e. 8002 vs. 8003 vs. 8004
  19. Vapor Drift the volatilization or evaporation of a pesticide from the soil or crop surface that occurs after application. Factors that influence vapor drift include: * vapor pressure/volatility * temperature * wind speed
  20. Vapor drift can occur even days after the application Non-Target Sensitive Crop Wind Drift Vapor
  21. Vapor Pressure Values of Various Chemicals @ 770F Note: The higher the number the more volatile the chemical.
  22. Pesticide Drift Management Equipment Modifications shielded spray boom covered boom hooded-sprayers air-assist systems electrostatic spraying
  23. Pesticide Drift Management Drift Control Agents “thickeners” increase droplet size of pesticide/water mixes $0.10-$1.00/A 38F, Anchor, Array, Border, Chem-Trol, Corsair, Direct, Drifgon, Driftgard, Drop Zone, Get Down, Lo-Drift, More, Nalcotrol, Submerge, Sta-Put, Windfall
  24. Drift Fallout As Influenced By Pressure and Nalcotrol Source: W. Bowers. 1975. Ohio State Univ. Extension, Facts #1203.
  25. Top 10 Tips For Reducing Pesticide Drift nozzle selection reduce pressure lower boom height increase nozzle size avoid spraying when winds exceed 10 MPH lookout for inversions use additives calibrate sprayer keep records use common sense
  26. References used in the development of this slide set include the following: Reducing Spray Drift. Ohio State Univ. Extension Bulletin 816, H. Erdal Ozkan. Herbicide Application Management. Sandoz Crop Protection, 1993.