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Culpepper, York, Steckel, Prostko

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
  1. Herbicide-Resistant Weeds: A Dilemma in Dixie
  2. What is Herbicide Resistance?
  3. WeatherMax 22 oz, 2 d after application to 16 inch Palmer
  4. WeatherMax 33 oz/A on 3 inch Palmer
  5. Reported cases of herbicide-resistant weeds in US
  6. Dinitroaniline-resistant Goosegrass
  7. Organoarsenical-resistant cocklebur
  8. Why is Resistance Such a Big Deal Now?
  9. Why is Resistance Such a Big Deal Now?
  10. ALS-resistant Amaranthus species
  11. Commonly Used ALS Herbicides
  12. 2005 ALS-Resistant Pigweed Survey
  13. Percent of cotton acreage planted to RR varieties. 2006
  14. Adoption of Roundup Ready Technology in the US
  15. Horseweed
  16. Glyphosate-resistant Horseweed
  17. Very Small Seeded
  18. Horseweed seed collected in the planetary boundary layer
  19. Must Start Clean!
  20. Horseweed photo
  21. GR Horseweed Control
  22. Preferred Burndown Options
  23. 2004 Common Horseweed Burndown Program
  24. Rapid Growth Becoming Extremely Large
  25. Average Number of Seed Produced per Plant
  26. Multiple Generations - Short Seed Dormancy
  27. Palmer Amaranth Infesting Cotton
  28. Palmer Amaranth Infesting Cotton
  29. Cotton Yield vs. Palmer Competition
  30. Glyphosate-resistant Palmer Amaranth Found
  31. Resistance trait will move through pollen
  32. Managing Glyphosate Resistance
  33. Georgia and North Carolina Recommendations
  34. Prowl+Reflex / WeatherMax+Dual Mag / WeatherMax+Direx
  35. Prowl+Reflex / WeatherMax+Dual Mag / WeatherMax+Direx
  36. Prowl+Reflex / Roundup+Staple / Direx+MSMA
  37. Prowl+Reflex / WeatherMax+Staple / WeatherMax+Direx
  38. Staple, 2004 vs 2006
  39. Glyphosate + Staple; Palmer 0.5 inches when treated
  40. Delay the arrival or spread of resistance
  41. Resistance Management Practices
  42. DELAY glyphosate-resistant Palmer in RR cotton fields with LIGHT Palmer infestations
  43. Resistance Management Practices
  44. Photo
  45. Resistance Management Practices
  46. Glyphosate-resistant Palmer amaranth
  47. Detect Resistance Early
  48. How Bad Will Glyphosate-Resistant Palmer Amaranth Become?
  49. Knowledge Gives Us Hope
  50. Photo



SLIDE CONTENTS
  1. Herbicide-Resistant Weeds: A Dilemma in Dixie Culpepper, York, Steckel, Prostko
  2. What is Herbicide Resistance? (official WSSA definition) Inherited ability of a biotype of a weed to survive and reproduce following exposure to a dose of herbicide normally lethal to the wild type.
  3. WeatherMax 22 oz, 2 d after application to 16 inch Palmer
  4. WeatherMax 33 oz/A on 3” Palmer
  5. Reported cases of herbicide-resistant weeds in US
  6. Why is Resistance Such a Big Deal Now?
  7. Why is Resistance Such a Big Deal Now? 1. ALS resistant pigweeds Glyphosate-resistant horseweed Glyphosate-resistant ragweed Glyphosate-resistant lambsquarters* Glyphosate-resistant Italian ryegrass* 1. Glyphosate-resistant Palmer amaranth (pigweed) Significant Potentially Devastating *suspected not confirmed
  8. 97 94 00 ALS*-resistant Amaranthus species *Imidazolinones, sulfonylureas, 19 states triazolopyrimidines, pyrimidinylthiobenzoates 94 02 94 95 00 92 98 99 02 93 98 96 93 93 91 99
  9. Commonly Used ALS Herbicides Accent Ally/Cimarron Beacon Beyond Cadre Classic Envoke Exceed Express Finesse FirstRate Glean Harmony Extra Maverick Pro Osprey Peak Permit Pursuit Python Scepter Staple Strongarm
  10. Prostko 2006 2005 ALS-Resistant Pigweed Survey 61 locations, 21 counties 2892 plants treated 2442 plants survived (84%)
  11. 100 66 97 99 98 98 98 99 99 100 98 98 83 97 75 97 59 Percent of cotton acreage planted to RR varieties. 20061 1USDA, AMS. 2006. Publ. mp-cn833.
  12. 96 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 97 98 99 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 Adoption of Roundup Ready Technology in the US (million acres) Soybean Corn Cotton
  13. Very Small Seeded Approximately 1 mm
  14. Shields, E.J., J.T. Dauer, M.J. VanGessel, and G. Neuman. 2006. Horseweed (Conyza canadensis) seed collected in the planetary boundary layer. Weed Sci. 54:1063-1067. Altitude (ft) 230 460 Seeds found (#/1000 m3)* 3.3 1.7 * Approximately 33 by 33 by 33 ft
  15. Photo credit: Larry Steckel Must Start Clean!
  16. Photo credit: Larry Steckel
  17. GR Horseweed Control 0 20 40 60 80 100 Roundup WM 22oz Clarity 8 oz + Roundup WM 22oz Ignite 23 oz LSD = 12 % Horseweed Control Milan May 28, 2006 2,4-D 16 oz + Roundup WM 22oz Burndown applied 4/3/06 Clarity 8 oz + Roundup WM 22oz fb/Gramoxone Inteon 40 oz + Caparol 24oz Clarity 8 oz + Roundup WM 22oz fb/ Roundup WM 22oz + Cotoran 24oz
  18. HORSEWEED Preferred Burndown Options Roundup + ½ pt Clarity, mid March Roundup + 2 pt 2,4-D, mid March With either of above, consider a residual herbicide with the burndown, such as Valor. If no residual, Gramoxone + Cotoran or Direx at planting or Ignite + Cotoran or Direx at planting.
  19. 2004 Common Horseweed Burndown Program Photo credit: Larry Steckel
  20. Rapid Growth Becoming Extremely Large
  21. Average Number of Seed Produced per Plant Top 4 Herbicide Resistant Weeds in US peanut - 175; cotton - 250; corn - 800
  22. Attapulgus GA, September 2004 Multiple Generations – Short Seed Dormancy
  23. Untreated Georgia, 2006 Glyphosate 4X rate, applied three times Palmer Amaranth Infesting Cotton
  24. North Carolina, 2006 Untreated Glyphosate 4X rate, applied three times Palmer Amaranth Infesting Cotton
  25. Cotton Yield vs. Palmer Competition 7%
  26. Glyphosate-resistant Palmer Amaranth Found 04 05 * * * *Palmer populations being studied for resistance.
  27. Resistance trait will move through pollen
  28. Georgia and North Carolina Recommendations* *Cultivation, Hooded Sprays, and/or Hand Weeding Will be Required
  29. Prowl H20 1.75 pt + Reflex 1 pt PRE WeatherMax 22 oz + Dual Mag 18 DAP before Pigweed emergence WeatherMax 22 oz + Direx 1.5 pt PDIR
  30. Prowl H20 1.75 pt + Reflex 1 pt PRE WeatherMax 22 oz + Dual Mag 24 DAP with ½” Palmer WeatherMax 22 oz + Direx 1.5 pt PDIR
  31. Prowl + Reflex PRE Roundup + Staple 3 inch Direx + MSMA PD
  32. Prowl H20 1.75 pt + Reflex 1 pt PRE WeatherMax 22 oz + Staple at 3 inch WeatherMax 22 oz + Direx 1.5 pt PDIR
  33. 0 1.3 5.2 10.2 20.4 2.6 Staple LX fl oz/A 2004 2006
  34. 1X glyphosate + 1X Staple; Palmer 0.5 inches when treated
  35. Delay the arrival or spread of resistance
  36. Resistance Management Practices Reduce herbicide reliance (as practical) 2. Diversify MOAs; Multiple MOAs Multiple MOAs within a crop.
  37. *Staple will not control ALS-resistant Palmer. Sequence can be used as the glyphosate + Dual mixture. Yellow = Prowl or Treflan type products. DELAY glyphosate-resistant Palmer in RR cotton fields with LIGHT Palmer infestations*
  38. Resistance Management Practices Reduce herbicide reliance (as practical) 2. Diversify MOAs; Multiple MOAs Multiple MOAs within a crop. Crop rotation; different MOAs
  39. Resistance Management Practices Reduce herbicide reliance (as practical) Diversify MOAs; Multiple MOAs Multiple MOAs within a crop. Crop rotation; different MOAs Detect resistance early
  40. Glyphosate-resistant Palmer amaranth: Georgia, 2005
  41. Detect Resistance Early
  42. More on glyphosate-resistant Palmer? From 1:30 till 2:45 in Grand Ballroom C - distribution, pollen dispersal, and management How Bad Will Glyphosate-Resistant Palmer Amaranth Become? “This Palmer amaranth stuff makes me glad I am 18 months from retirement.” Dr. Alan York
  43. Weed Resistance Learning Module at National Cotton Council Web Site: http://www.cotton.org/ International Survey of Resistant Weeds * http://www.weedscience.org/in.asp Cotton Incorporated is nearing completion of a Resistance Management Bulletin Knowledge Gives Us Hope