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AUTHOR
Dr. Stanley Culpepper
Extension Weed Specialist
University of Georgia
Tifton, GA

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
  1. 2001 Cotton Production Workshop
  2. Waiting until spring to control weeds
  3. Glyphosate Tank Mixes on Cutleaf Eveningprimrose. GA & NC data
  4. Roundup UltraMax
  5. Glyphosate Tank Mixes on Cutleaf Eveningprimrose. GA & NC data
  6. Glyphosate Tank Mixes on Cutleaf Eveningprimrose. GA & NC data
  7. Glyphosate Tank Mixes on Cutleaf Eveningprimrose. GA data
  8. Valor for Burndown
  9. Glyphosate Tank Mixes on Cutleaf Eveningprimrose. GA & NC data
  10. Roundup UltraMax 1.6 pt + Valor 1 oz
  11. Glyphosate Tank Mixes on Cutleaf Eveningprimrose. NC data
  12. Glyphosate Tank Mixes on Cutleaf Eveningprimrose. NC data
  13. Glyphosate Tank Mixes on Cutleaf Eveningprimrose. GA & NC data
  14. Glyphosate Tank Mixes on Cutleaf Eveningprimrose. GA data
  15. Relative Response of Cutleaf Eveningprimrose to Glyphosate Tank Mixes
  16. Roundup + Direx vs Roundup
  17. Wheat Response to Glyphosate Applied Alone and in Mixture with Caparol
  18. Paraquat Tank Mixes on Cutleaf Eveningprimrose. GA data
  19. Summary - Cutleaf Eveningprimrose
  20. Wild Radish
  21. Tank Mixes with Glyphosate on Wild Radish. GA data, Tift County, 2001
  22. Tank Mixes with Paraquat on Wild Radish. GA data, Tift County, 2001
  23. Summary - Wild Radish
  24. Plant Back Restriction for Burndown Herbicides
  25. Cotton Injury to Valor Applied Less Than 30 Days Before Planting. TyTy, 2001
  26. Georgia Cotton - Cultivar Selection
  27. The first 4 to 5 weeks of cotton development is the most critical
  28. Effect of PRE Herbicides on RR Seedcotton Yield
  29. How Important Is Early Season Weed Competition?
  30. How Important Is Early Season Weed Competition?
  31. Weeds Difficult to Control by Glyphosate?
  32. Controlling Yellow and Purple Nutsedge?
  33. Yellow Nutsedge Control by Roundup/MSMA Mixtures
  34. Glyphosate vs Glyphosate + MSMA
  35. Cotton Injury 10 DAT with Roundup/MSMA Mixtures
  36. Weeds Difficult to Control by Glyphosate?
  37. Mid-Season Morningglory Control by Glyphosate & Glyphosate/Staple Mixtures
  38. Roundup Ultra vs Roundup Ultra + Staple
  39. Roundup Ultra vs Roundup Ultra + Staple
  40. Glyphosate/Staple Tank Mixtures
  41. Controlling Extremely Large Morningglory
  42. Wees Difficult to Control by Glyphosate?
  43. Hemp Sesbania Control by Glyphosate. Tifton, 2000
  44. Tropical spiderwort
  45. Fairly common scene at harvest across the state
  46. Dual Magnum + Glyphosate Label
  47. Glyphosate vs Glyphosate + Dual Magnum
  48. Weed Response to Touchdown (TD)/Dual Magnum Systems. Attapulgus, 2001
  49. Dual Magnum + Glyphosate Label
  50. Roundup UltraMax vs Roundup UltraMax + Dual Magnum
  51. GA Locations Taken to Yield in 2001
  52. Common Layby Herbicide Options
  53. Layby Herbicide Options
  54. Aim Postemergence-directed
  55. Aim Postemergence-directed
  56. Aim Postemergence-directed
  57. Cotton Response to Aim Directed
  58. Cotton Response to Aim Directed
  59. Most Likely Fit for Aim in Cotton
  60. Morningglory Control with Roundup + Aim
  61. Common Layby Herbicide Options
  62. Morningglory Control with Roundup + Harvade
  63. Layby Herbicide Options
  64. Late-season Effect of Direx Applied with Glyphosate in 14 inch Cotton
  65. Pre-Harvest Glyphosate Applications
  66. RR Cotton Response to Glyphosate Applied Prior to 20% Boll Opening
  67. RR Cotton Response to Glyphosate Applied Prior to 20% Boll Opening
  68. RR Cotton Response to Glyphosate Applied Prior to 20% Boll Opening
  69. Weed Control at Defoliation
  70. Morningglory Leaf and Vine Desiccation
  71. Morningglory Leaf and Vine Desiccation
  72. Weed Control After Harvest



SLIDE CONTENTS
  1. 2001 Cotton Production Workshop
  2. Waiting until spring to control weeds glyphosate or paraquat PLUS Aim, Caparol, Clarity, Direx, Harmony Extra, Goal, Resource, Valor, and 2,4-D
  3. Glyphosate Tank Mixes on Cutleaf Eveningprimrose. GA & NC data. % control, 30-40 days 58 96 Average of 12 trials, 1999-2001.
  4. Roundup UltraMax 1.6 pt 14 days after treatment 28 days after treatment
  5. Glyphosate Tank Mixes on Cutleaf Eveningprimrose. GA & NC data. % control, 30-40 days 58 96 Average of 12 trials, 1999-2001. 63
  6. Glyphosate Tank Mixes on Cutleaf Eveningprimrose. GA & NC data. % control, 30-40 days 50 97 Average of 4 trials, 1999-2001. 63
  7. Glyphosate Tank Mixes on Cutleaf Eveningprimrose. GA data. % control, 30-40 days 47 97 Average of 1 trials, 2001. 80
  8. flumioxazin change from WDG to WP 1 to 2 oz/A mixed with glyphosate much quicker burndown residual activity if contacts soil (good for pusley) enhanced geranium, radish, and primrose control Valor for Burndown
  9. Glyphosate Tank Mixes on Cutleaf Eveningprimrose. GA & NC data. % control, 30-40 days 63 97 Average of 8 trials, 1999-2001. 84
  10. Roundup UltraMax 1.6 pt + Valor 1 oz 14 days after treatment 28 days after treatment
  11. Average of 5 trials, 1999-2001. % control, 30-40 days 65 98 74 Glyphosate Tank Mixes on Cutleaf Eveningprimrose. NC data.
  12. Average of 6 trials, 1999-2001. % control, 30-40 days 62 97 87 Glyphosate Tank Mixes on Cutleaf Eveningprimrose. NC data.
  13. Average of 3 trials, 1999-2001. % control, 30-40 days 47 97 60 Glyphosate Tank Mixes on Cutleaf Eveningprimrose. GA & NC data.
  14. % control, 30-40 days 47 95 64 Average of 1 trials, 2001. Glyphosate Tank Mixes on Cutleaf Eveningprimrose. GA data.
  15. Relative Response of Cutleaf Eveningprimrose to Glyphosate Tank Mixes.* Alone Harmony GT Aim Harmony Extra Goal Resource Valor Clarity 2,4-D *Estimates based on GA and NC data from 1999 to 2001.
  16. Roundup + Direx Roundup On farm, Grady County, 2001.
  17. Roundup UltraMax (1.6 pt) + 1.5 pt Caparol Wheat Response to Glyphosate Applied Alone and in Mixture with Caparol. Ponder Farm, 2001; 16 DAT.
  18. % control, 30-40 days 55 71 46 59 70 54 96 71 Paraquat Tank Mixes on Cutleaf Eveningprimrose. GA data. LSD = 13 68 Average of 1 trials, 2001.
  19. Summary - Cutleaf Eveningprimrose 1. 2,4-D, glyphosate + 2,4-D, paraquat + 2,4-D 2. glyphosate + Valor or Clarity 3. paraquat + Direx, Valor, Harmony Extra or glyphosate + Aim, Caparol, Direx
  20. Wild Radish
  21. % control, 30-40 days 70 81 71 73 77 69 95 85 Tank Mixes with Glyphosate on Wild Radish. GA data, Tift County, 2001. LSD = 12 93
  22. % control, 30-40 days 67 70 68 67 87 67 99 76 Tank Mixes with Paraquat on Wild Radish. GA data, Tift County, 2001. LSD = 12 99
  23. Summary - Wild radish 1. glyphosate + 2,4-D, Harmony Extra paraquat + 2,4-D, Direx, Harmony Extra 2. glyphosate + Valor, Direx 3. glyphosate paraquat + Valor
  24. 2,4-D = preferably 45 days Aim = nothing on label Clarity = 21 d after 1” rainfall Direx = 15 d prior to planting Goal = 30 d or at least three 0.25” rainfalls Harmony Extra = 45 d prior to planting Valor = 30 d prior to planting Plant Back Restriction for Burndown Herbicides
  25. Cotton Injury to Valor Applied Less Than 30 Days Before Planting. TyTy, 2001 % cotton injury, 18 DAP days before planting *Irrigated at cotton emergence. No weeds present at time of application.
  26. Georgia Cotton - Cultivar Selection* 86.9% transgenic; 12.1% conventional 40.8% Roundup Ready 41.5% stacked gene 4.6% Bollgard *USDA Agricultural Marketing Service Survey, August 2001.
  27. The first 4 to 5 weeks of cotton development is the most critical.
  28. Effect of PRE Herbicides on RR Seedcotton Yield.1 1490 a 1070 b 1998 1999 1460 a 1560 a 635 b 1560 a 1420 a 1600 a No PRE Avg. 10 PRE’s 1Study in 1998 conducted at Goldsboro, NC. Studies in 1999 conducted at Goldsboro, NC and Tifton, GA. Data pooled over both locations in 1999.
  29. How Important Is Early Season Weed Competition? Can one wait until 4-leaf stage of cotton to initiate weed control? Depends upon: Weed species Weed density Growing conditions
  30. How Important Is Early Season Weed Competition? About 33 to 66% of the time we can initiate weed control at the 3 to 4 leaf stage of cotton. If in doubt, apply DNA + Cotoran or Staple The other 33 to 66% of the time we need a soil- applied herbicide or 2 overtop RU applications.
  31. Weeds Difficult to Control by Glyphosate?
  32. Controlling Yellow and Purple Nutsedge? Nutsedge Control Programs: 1) 2 applications of glyphosate prior to 5th leaf followed by conventional chemistry including 2 lb ai MSMA directed 2) 1 application of glyphosate or Staple Plus prior to 5th leaf followed by 2 lb ai MSMA directed or glyphosate 3) Zorial or Staple?????
  33. Yellow Nutsedge Control by R’up/MSMA Mixtures. 2 Locs, 1999 -2000. Roundup Ultra (pt) *Control 30 DAT. 74 65 80 71 % control
  34. Glyphosate 0.75 lb ae/A + MSMA 1.3 pt 30 days after treatment
  35. Cotton Injury 10 DAT with R’up/MSMA Mixtures. 2 Locs, 1999. Roundup Ultra (pt) *Injury by tank mix significantly greater than Roundup applied alone 12 16 * 20 25 27 % injury * * * *
  36. Weeds Difficult to Control by Glyphosate?
  37. Mid-Season Morningglory Control by Glyphosate & Glyphosate/Staple Mixtures. Things to consider? 1. Morningglory size at time of application (5+ inches here). 2. Will you post-direct with conventional chemistry or glyphosate? Glyphosate 73 55 89 Glyphosate + Staple 93 76 97 Pitted Smallflower morningglory morningglory Loc 1 Loc 2 Loc 1
  38. Roundup Ultra 1.5 pt + Staple 0.6 oz 24 days after treatment - Irrigated, Moultrie, 2000.
  39. 18 days after treatment - Irrigated, TyTy, 2001. Roundup Original 1.5 pt + Staple 0.8 oz
  40. Glyphosate/Staple Tank Mixtures DuPont new label allows 0.8 oz of Staple to be applied in mixture with glyphosate.
  41. Controlling Extremely Large Morningglory
  42. Weeds Difficult to Control by Glyphosate?
  43. Hemp Sesbania Control by Glyphosate. Tifton, 2000.* % control *Roundup Ultra applied at 2 pt/A. Experiment conducted under center irrigation. 3 inches 7 inches 86 59
  44. Tropical spiderwort, Cairo, GA, 2001. Cooperative work with Tim Flanders
  45. Fairly common scene at harvest across the state
  46. present label = may be applied overtop of 3-12 inch cotton alone may be directed in mixture with glyphosate in RR cotton but “do not allow spray solution to contact cotton leaves” residual control for Amaranthus, grasses, tropical spiderwort Dual Magnum + Glyphosate Label
  47. glyphosate @ 4 lf + 1 pt Dual Magnum Attapulgus, 2001 *Irrigated within 48 hrs.
  48. % control, late-season LSD ranged from 9 to 12 TD 1 lf TD 1 lf TD 1 lf TD 4 lf TD 4 lf TD + Dual Mag. 4 lf TD timely PD TD 11 d delay TD 11 d delay Weed Response to Touchdown (TD)/Dual Magnum Systems. Attapulgus, 2001.
  49. present label = may be applied overtop of 3-12 inch cotton alone may be directed in mixture with glyphosate in RR cotton but “do not allow spray solution to contact cotton leaves” residual control for Amaranthus, annual grasses, tropical spiderwort any concerns?????? Dual Magnum + Glyphosate Label
  50. Roundup UltraMax Roundup UltraMax + 1 pt Dual Magnum POST
  51. GA Locations Taken to Yield in 2001. * * * * * * Midville Tifton TyTy Moultrie Attapulgus No negative effect from Dual plus glyphosate applied overtop of 3- to 4-leaf cotton. No negative effect noted in 15 locations in NC.
  52. Conventional options: Caparol + MSMA Cobra + MSMA Cotoran + MSMA Direx + MSMA Linex + MSMA (not labeled) Common Layby Herbicide Options
  53. RR options little to no residual possible residual glyphosate glyphosate + Aim Layby Herbicide Options
  54. label claims control of: pigweed species lambsquarters cocklebur morningglory velvetleaf spurred anoda smartweed hemp sesbania common ragweed Aim Postemergence-directed
  55. 0.5 to 1 oz/A (40 DF) 1% COC Alone or mixed with any registered herbicide Aim Postemergence-directed
  56. timing of application: cotton at least 6 inches if NO spray contact cotton at least 12 inches with minimal contact Aim Postemergence-directed
  57. Cotton Response to Aim Directed. Cotton 12 to 24 inches. % cotton injury Location 1, NC Location 2, NC DAT DAT Treatment 5 12 3 11 R’up alone 0 0 0 0 + 0.6 oz Aim 2 1 12* 4 *Primarily injury to cotton stems; stems not “woody”.
  58. Cotton Response to Aim Directed. Cotton 12 to 24 inches. % cotton injury Location 1, GA Location 2, GA DAT DAT Treatment 5 14 35 8 23 36 R’up alone 0 0 0 0 0 0 + 0.6 oz Aim 25 18 0 33 13 2 Primarily injury to cotton stems; stems not “woody”. Yield unaffected.
  59. Most Likely Fit for Aim in Cotton Tank mix with glyphosate to improve morningglory control
  60. Morningglory Control with Roundup + Aim. % control Location 1, GA Location 1, NC Treatment 36 DAT 14 DAT R’up alone 82 92 + 0.6 oz Aim 95 100
  61. RR options little to no residual possible residual glyphosate glyphosate + Aim glyphosate + Harvade Common Layby Herbicide Options
  62. Morningglory Control with Roundup + Harvade. % control pitted smallflower Treatment morningglory morningglory R’up alone 82 92 + 8 oz Harvade 95 100 *Add COC in with Harvade.
  63. RR options little to no residual possible residual glyphosate glyphosate + Caparol glyphosate + Aim glyphosate + Direx glyphosate + Harvade Layby Herbicide Options
  64. Late-season Effect of Direx Applied with Glyphosate in 14” Cotton. Glyphosate applied at 1 and 4 leaf cotton. Attapulgus, 2001.
  65. Label requires 20% boll opening in RR cotton Is there any potential for an earlier application? Pre-Harvest Glyphosate Applications
  66. 8 trials conducted in LA, GA, and NC glyphosate applied 1. 7 d prior to last effective bloom date 2. on last effective bloom date 3. 7 d after last effective bloom date 4. 14 d after last effective bloom date 5. 20% boll crack 6. no glyphosate RR Cotton Response to Glyphosate Applied Prior to 20% Boll Opening
  67. 7 of 8 trials no negative responses RR Cotton Response to Glyphosate Applied Prior to 20% Boll Opening
  68. RR Cotton Response to Glyphosate Applied Prior to 20% Boll Opening. Tifton, 2001. * *Significantly less than all other treatments. Lint yield/A
  69. Glyphosate Paraquat Harvade vs. Aim Weed Control at Defoliation
  70. Morninglory Leaf and Vine Desiccation. Moultrie, 2001. Percent 2 day after treatment Leaf Vine Finish applied at 21 oz/A, Aim at 0.66 oz/A, Harvade 10 oz/A.
  71. Morninglory Leaf and Vine Desiccation. Moultrie, 2001. Percent 7 day after treatment Leaf Vine 14 day after treatment Finish applied at 21 oz/A, Aim at 0.66 oz/A, Harvade 10 oz/A.
  72. Treat bermudagrass and other perennials Weed Control After Harvest