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Reduced Tillage and Row Patterns in Peanuts

John Baldwin
University of Georgia

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Row Patterns - Tillage Topics TSWV Yield Losses Why does severity vary from field to field? Twin Vs. Single Rows Seed Management Seeding Rate/Acre for Various Peanut Varieties The Formula is: Results: Seeding Rate Ga Green Seeding Rate Tests 6 Locations - 1999 & 2000 Effect of Seeding Rate on Yield and Grade of C99-R peanut In-Furrow insecticides on Twin Rows Reduced Tillage Advantages for Reduced Tillage Challenges for Peanuts Strip till into Rye Strip Till rye mulch Contil farm Twin Row Strip Till 2001 Can you get to much mulch? Yield of 3 Peanut Cultivars planted in Single and Twin Row Patterns Variety Results Effect of Row Pattern on Yield, Grade and TSWV incidence of 11 peanut cultivars at 13 locations for 1999-2001 Effect of Row Pattern on Yield, Grade and TSWV incidence of 11 peanut cultivars at 13 locations for 1999-2001 Yield and Grade of Six peanut cultivars planted by strip till and conventional methods on twin or single rows at 13 locations 1999-2001 Effect of Row Pattern on Yield, Grade and TSWV incidence of 11 peanut cultivars at 13 locations for 1999-2001 Terms to Remember UGA Peanut Team

SLIDE CONTENTS

Row Patterns - Tillage  John Baldwin Univ. of Georgia Topics Rotations Land Prep and Fertilization Varieties Seed Disease and Nematodes Insects Cultural Practices Weed Management TSWV Varieties Planting Date Seeding Rate Row patterns Tillage In-furrow insecticide Yield Losses 20-40 lbs/A ($4-10/A) for each percent of row feet affected 50% affected = 1000-2000 lb/A yield loss Early season infection worse than late Levels seen in 95-97 were a real threat to survival of the peanut industry in GA Why does severity vary from field to field? Severity affected by cultivar, planting date, plant population, at-plant insecticide, row pattern, tillage, (adjacent crops?, others?) Impact of each of these is not equal, but additive Use of multiple practices can greatly reduce severity and increase yield Twin Vs. Single Rows Less TSWV Better Yield and Grade Quicker Canopy Closure Seed Management Twin and Single Rows Seeding Rates Seed Quality Seeding Rate/Acre for Various Peanut Varieties 6 seed/ft single 3 seed/ft twin The Formula is: Seed/ft x row length seed count per pound Ga Green Seeding Rate Tests6 Locations-1999 & 2000 Effect of Seeding Rate on Yield and Grade of C99-R peanut planted in Twin Row patterns at Four locations during 1999-2001 In-Furrow insecticides on Twin Rows Thimet 3.5 on each twin row Temik 4 on each twin row Ortene 4 oz/ 100 lb of seed . Reduced Tillage Strip Tillage Less LCBs Less TSWV Twin Vs. Single Rows Water Conservation Advantages for Reduced Tillage Reduces Labor Reduces Time Reduces Fuel Less Machinery wear Traps Soil Moisture Improves water availability Challenges for Peanuts One versus Two Pass System Activation of Herbicides Plant Stands Cover Crop and Level Fields Heavy Soils Harvest Losses More Detail to Management Strip till into Rye Strip Till rye mulch Contil farm Twin Row Strip Till 2001 Can you get to much mulch? Yield of 3 Peanut Cultivars planted in Single and Twin Row Patterns from 1999-2001 Georgia Green (13 locations) AgraTech 201 (7 locations) Georgia Hi/Ol (4 locations) Effect of Row Pattern on Yield, Grade and TSWV incidence of 11 peanut cultivars at 13 locations for 1999-2001 Effect of Row Pattern on Yield, Grade and TSWV incidence of 11 peanut cultivars at 13 locations for 1999-2001 Yield and Grade of Six peanut cultivars planted by strip till and conventional methods on twin or single rows at 13 locations 99-2001 Effect of Row Pattern on Yield, Grade and TSWV incidence of 11 peanut cultivars at 13 locations for 1999-2001 Terms to Remember No till saves you time and labor but you better be on time with your labor If it don’t rain it don’t matter Good judgment comes from experience and experience comes from poor judgment UGA Peanut Team www.ugapeanuts.com www.gaweed.com