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2008 Methyl Bromide Alternatives Conference: DMDS or the 3-WAY: Which is More Effective in GA

AUTHOR
Culpepper, Webster, Rucker, Sumner, Beard, Langston, Mayfield
University of Georgia
Tifton Campus

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
  1. 2008 Methyl Bromide Alternatives Conference: DMDS or the 3-WAY: Which is More Effective in GA
  2. 2007 Large Acreage On-Farm Trials
  3. 2007 On-Farm Comparisons
  4. DMDS under LDPE Mulch
  5. Boxes of Bell Peppers for Total Harvest
  6. 2008 Objectives
  7. Formulation and Rate Experiment: Ponder Farm
  8. Treatments
  9. Treatments
  10. Materials and Methods
  11. Materials and Methods
  12. Percent Yellow Nutsedge Control at Harvest
  13. Percent Large Crabgrass Control at Harvest
  14. Percent Large Crabgrass Control 55 d after Fumigating
  15. Plant Heights and Nematodes
  16. Jumbo Fruit Number Per Plot
  17. Percent Yellow Nutsedge Control at Harvest
  18. Percent Large Crabgrass Control at Harvest
  19. Jumbo Fruit Number Per Plot
  20. On Farm Equipment
  21. On Farm Trial
  22. Measurements Taken
  23. Equipment
  24. Note Moisture and Compaction
  25. Note Moisture and Compaction
  26. Equipment
  27. Number of Purple Nutsedge, Crabgrass, and Livid Amaranth with MB Alternatives
  28. Plant Heights and Nematodes
  29. Harvest
  30. Harvest
  31. Harvest
  32. Harvest Processor
  33. Harvest Processor
  34. Harvest Processor
  35. Harvest Grades
  36. Boxes of Bell Pepper
  37. Conclusions
  38. Conclusions
  39. Equipment
  40. On Farm Cooperator, Bill Brim
  41. Questions or Comments?



SLIDE CONTENTS
  1. University of Georgia Tifton Campus Culpepper, Webster, Rucker, Sumner, Beard, Langston, Mayfield 2008 Methyl Bromide Alternatives Conference: DMDS or the 3-WAY: Which is More Effective in GA
  2. 2007 Large Acreage On-Farm Trials
  3. 2007 On-Farm Comparisons Fumigant and mulch options: 3-WAY under LDPE MIDAS under Blockade DMDS under LDPE MB under Blockade
  4. DMDS under LDPE mulch
  5. Boxes of Bell Pepper for Total Harvest. Data presented as % of MB. 2007.* *Data totaled over three harvests. MB fruit: Jumbo (14%), X-Large (32%), Large (27%), and Chopper (26%).
  6. 2008 Objectives Confirm the most effective mixture of DMDS and chloropicrin was a 79:21 when applied under high barrier mulch. Define the rate needed under high barrier mulch. Compare the most effective DMDS system to the standard in a large acreage on farm trial. Focus on annual grasses and pigweeds.
  7. Formulation and Rate Experiment: Ponder Farm
  8. Treatments Factorial treatment arrangement (3 reps): Formulations (DMDS/Pic) Rates 79:21 30 Gal/A 90:10 40 Gal/A 100:0 50 Gal/A 60 Gal/A Blockade Mulch
  9. Treatments Additional treatments: 1. 3-WAY (12/150/75) LDPE mulch 2. DMDS 79:21 60 Gal LDPE mulch 3. Non-treated control Blockade mulch
  10. Materials and Methods Applications were made on Feb 17 Soil temperatures were 60 F at injection Soil moisture was 95% of field capacity. Sandy loam soil type Plot size 1 bed (2 rows of pepper) by 50 ft
  11. Materials and Methods Yellow nutsedge and large crabgrass Plant growth Nematodes Yield (4 harvests of Jumbo fruit)
  12. Percent yellow nutsedge control at harvest as impacted by DMDS formulation and rate. TyTy, GA 2008.* 98 a 50 G 30 G 90:10 100:0 40 G 100 a Rate Main Effect 100 a 99 a 98 a 100 a 97 b Formulation Main Effect 60 G 79:21 *Values within main effect followed by the same letter are not different at P = 0.05
  13. Percent large crabgrass control at harvest as impacted by DMDS formulation and rate. TyTy, GA 2008.* 50 G 30 G 90:10 100:0 40 G 55 b Rate Main Effect 75 a 66 b 49 c 69 a 42 c Formulation Main Effect 60 G 79:21 *Values within main effect followed by the same letter are not different at P = 0.05 33 d
  14. Percent large crabgrass control 55 d after fumigating as impacted by DMDS formulation and rate. TyTy, GA 2008.* 50 G 30 G 90:10 100:0 40 G 98 a Rate Main Effect 99 a 98 a 98 a 97 a 96 a Formulation Main Effect 60 G 79:21 *Values within main effect followed by the same letter are not different at P = 0.05 94 b
  15. Plant Heights and Nematodes Plant heights taken 20 and 50 DAP with no differences. No nematodes present in the study.
  16. Jumbo fruit number per plot as impacted by DMDS formulation and rate. TyTy, GA 2008.* 50 G 30 G 90:10 100:0 40 G 181 b Rate Main Effect 203 197 194 210 a 175 b Formulation Main Effect 60 G 79:21 *Values within main effect followed by the same letter are not different at P = 0.05 162 *
  17. DMDS 79:21 60 G Bloc 3-WAY LDPE 90 b 100 a DMDS 79:21 60 G LDPE *Values within main effect followed by the same letter are not different at P = 0.05 Percent yellow nutsedge control at harvest as impacted by DMDS formulation and rate. TyTy, GA 2008.* 100 a
  18. DMDS 79:21 60 G Bloc 3-WAY LDPE 33 c 89 b DMDS 79:21 60 G LDPE *Values within main effect followed by the same letter are not different at P = 0.05 Percent large crabrass control at harvest as impacted by DMDS formulation and rate. TyTy, GA 2008.* 100 a
  19. DMDS 79:21 60 G Bloc 3-WAY LDPE 66 b 244 a DMDS 79:21 60 G LDPE *Values within main effect followed by the same letter are not different at P = 0.05 270 a Jumbo fruit number per plot as impacted by DMDS formulation and rate. TyTy, GA 2008.*
  20. On Farm Experiment
  21. On Farm Trial Four treatments: DMDS 79:21 60, 50, 40 G Blockade mulch 3-WAY 12/150/75 under LDPE 2. Plots 3 rows by 1200 feet 3. Four Replications
  22. Measurements taken: Weeds emerging through mulch or plant hole Crop height Pathogens Nematodes Pepper Harvest (4 times) Packing House Grades
  24. Note moisture and compaction
  25. Note moisture and compaction
  27. Number of Purple Nutsedge, Crabgrass, and Livid Amaranth Plants/A with MB Alternatives in Pepper. LTF, Spring 2008.* *Values within species followed by the same letter are not different at P = 0.05 Nutsedge and amaranth counts are at harvest, crabgrass counts early season followed by two applications of Select during the season.
  28. Plant Height and Nematodes 1. No differences in crop growth 2. No differences in disease or nematodes
  30. 48 people picking 5 truck drivers 12 UGA dumpers Once a week for 4 weeks
  31. Harvest 1: 3 hr Harvest 2: 3 hr Harvest 3: 5 hr Harvest 4: 5 hr
  34. Harvest 1: 2 hr Harvest 2: 2 hr Harvest 3: 6 hr Harvest 4: 5 hr
  35. Grades: Jumbo, X-Large, Large, Medium, Suntan, Chopper
  36. Boxes of Bell Pepper. LTF, Spring 2008.*
  37. CONCLUSIONS 3-WAY: continues to perform well in the spring and continues to perform poorly on nutsedge in the fall
  38. CONCLUSIONS DMDS: 1. 79:21 formulation is the most effective 2. 45 to 50 G in spring but 50 to 60 gallons in fall, depending on herbicides 3. Excellent nutsedge control; needs help on annual grasses, pigweed, and likely other small seeded annual broadleaf weeds. 4. Smell and cost must be addressed.
  40. ON FARM COOPERATOR Bill Brim, LTF
  41. Questions or Comments?