Slide Presentation

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AUTHOR
Stanley Culpepper
Professor and Extension Weed Specialist
University of Georgia

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
  1. 2012 MB Alternatives - Your Pick!
  2. Methyl Bromide Critical Use Exemption
  3. MB Alternatives - You Pick!
  4. Potential MB Fumigant Alternatives
  5. Fumigant + Mulch + Herbicides - Cost Comparison
  6. Fumigant + Mulch + Herbicides - Cost Comparison
  7. Fumigant + Mulch + Herbicides - Cost Comparison
  8. Comparing Alternatives as Recommended
  9. Paldin Pic and WSP
  10. UGA 3-WAY, WSP, Paladin Pic
  11. Nutsedge Response to the 3-WAY, Paladin Pic, and WSP plus herbicides in PEPPER. TyTy, 2010.
  12. Nutsedge Response to the 3-WAY, Paladin Pic, and WSP plus herbicides in PEPPER. TyTy, 2011.
  13. Telone/Pic/Vapam
  14. Note moisture and compaction
  15. Note moisture and compaction
  16. Paladin Pic
  17. Percent pigweed control at harvest
  18. Paladin Pic
  19. Paladin Pic Labeled Tarps
  20. Paladin Pic (DMDS + Pic)
  21. Percent nutsedge control at pepper harvest
  22. Fumigant + Mulch + Herbicides - Cost Comparison
  23. Mitigating Smell Issues
  24. Paladin Pic Plant Back Interval
  25. Paladin Pic Buffer Zone
  26. Significant Efforts with WSP in 2011
  27. WSP
  28. Percent weed control by the WSP + Herbicide Program. 2010
  29. Percent weed control by the WSP + Herbicide Program. 2011
  30. Percent weed control by the WSP + Herbicide Program. 2011
  31. Response of Root Knot nematode to the WSP
  32. WSP
  33. Pic Chlor 60
  34. Nutsedge Response to Pic Chlor 60 plus herbicides in PEPPER
  35. Fumigant + Mulch + Herbicides - Cost Comparison
  36. Herbicide Preplant Application Method
  37. Herbicide Preplant Application Method
  38. Herbicide Program for Eggplant and Pepper
  39. Herbicide Program Tomato
  40. Plant
  41. ISSUES!
  42. Mulch Stability is a Serious Problem
  43. Mulch Stability is a Serious Problem
  44. 6 months after application
  45. Mulch Stability Effort
  46. Fumigant + Mulch + Herbicide Costs to Growers Rise Sharply
  47. Fumigant + Mulch + Herbicide Costs to Growers Rise Sharply
  48. Planting Interval For Fumigants
  49. Questions?



SLIDE CONTENTS
  1. 2012 MB Alternatives – Your Pick! Stanley Culpepper, University of Georgia Tifton Campus
  2. Methyl Bromide Critical Use Exemption NO CUE SUBMITTED FOR 2014 Vegetables!!!!!!!!!
  3. MB Alternatives – You Pick! Fumigants Mulch Herbicides
  4. Potential MB Fumigant Alternatives UGA 3-WAY Paladin Pic WSP Pic Chlor 60
  5. Fumigant + Mulch + Herbicides Cost Comparison 3-WAY (LDPE) $820 $984 WSP (350 lb, VIF) $889 $1059 Paladin Pic (50 G, VIF) $971 $1156 MB 50:50 (200 lb, VIF) $990 $1182 *Assume 32 inch bedtop. All systems except MB include Devrinol ($10/lb) and Dual Magnum ($80/gal) costs. Vapam $4.35/G; Pic-Chlor 60 $3.40/lb; Paladin Pic $2.75/lb; WSP $3.25/lb; MB $7/lb. 6 ft center 5 ft center
  6. Fumigant + Mulch + Herbicides Cost Comparison 3-WAY (LDPE) $820 $984 WSP (350 lb, VIF) $889 $1059 Paladin Pic (50 G, VIF) $971 $1156 MB 50:50 (200 lb, VIF) $990 $1182 *Assume 32 inch bedtop. All systems except MB include Devrinol ($10/lb) and Dual Magnum ($80/gal) costs. Vapam $4.35/G; Pic-Chlor 60 $3.40/lb; Paladin Pic $2.75/lb; WSP $3.25/lb; MB $7/lb. 6 ft center 5 ft center 7.7%
  7. Fumigant + Mulch + Herbicides Cost Comparison 3-WAY (LDPE) $820 $984 WSP (350 lb, VIF) $889 $1059 Paladin Pic (50 G, VIF) $971 $1156 MB 50:50 (200 lb, VIF) $990 $1182 *Assume 32 inch bedtop. All systems except MB include Devrinol ($10/lb) and Dual Magnum ($80/gal) costs. Vapam $4.35/G; Pic-Chlor 60 $3.40/lb; Paladin Pic $2.75/lb; WSP $3.25/lb; MB $7/lb. 6 ft center 5 ft center 15.6%
  8. Comparing Alternatives as Recommended Cost of system - - + - Ease of application + - + Acres w/o refill - - + Odor - +/- +/- Mulch type - + - Multiple crop system - + - Nutsedge + +/- + Grass & broadlvs +* +** +* PalPic 3-WAY WSP *Herbicide system required. **Herbicide system suggested.
  9. Paldin Pic and WSP USE EFFECTIVE HERBICIDE SYSTEM OR DON’T APPLY THESE PRODUCTS!
  10. UGA 3-WAY, WSP, Paladin Pic Application methods Mulch used Rates (provided in broadcast) Precautions
  11. Nutsedge Response to the 3-WAY, Paladin Pic, and WSP plus herbicides in PEPPER. TyTy, 2010. LSD for spring = 6; LSD for fall = 7. Plots were 1 bed by 50 feet. Spring soil temp 55 F; Fall soil temp 89. 97 3-WAY Paladin Pic WSP 96 95 94 97 90
  12. Nutsedge Response to the 3-WAY, Paladin Pic, and WSP plus herbicides in PEPPER. TyTy, 2011. LSD for spring = 8; LSD for fall = 9. Plots were 1 bed by 50 feet. Spring soil temp 59 F; Fall soil temp 92. 95 3-WAY Paladin Pic WSP 93 91 98 90 90
  13. Telone/Pic/Vapam Spring applications = 21 of 22 experiments over 6 years with greater than 90% nutsedge control (less effective in the fall) Vapam = 4 inches Chloropicrin = 8 inches Telone = 12 inches Ideal Placement Vapam = 4 inches (75 G) Pic Chlor 60 = 8 inch (21 G) More Common LDPE MULCH
  14. Note moisture and compaction
  15. 79:21 mixture of DMDS:chloropicrin. Same application procedures as MB Greater than 50 acres applied during fall of 2011 with excellent results. No issues! MUST USE HERBICIDES! Paladin Pic
  16. Percent pigweed control at harvest. TyTy, GA 2010. 50 G 40 G Paladin Pic Rate 50 c 70 b 99 a 60 G 89 b 99 a 99 a + herbicide + herbicide + herbicide Herbicide = Devrinol preplant and Dual Magnum POST
  17. Will be 79:21 mixture of DMDS:chloropicrin. Same application procedures as MB Greater than 50 acres applied during fall of 2011 with excellent results. No issues! MUST USE HERBICIDES! MUST USE LABELED MULCH Paladin Pic
  18. Paladin Pic Labeled Tarps Olefinas Embossed VIF, Klerks VIF, Pliant Blockade (1.25 mil) black or white, XL Blockade (0.00125), Pliant Metalized black VIF. Canslit Metalized (1.25 mil) high barrier black or white, FilmTec VIF (1.25 mil), Ginegar VIF Embossed, Cadillac VIF, Guardian VIF (1.2 mil), Mid-South Extrusion VIF, Bromostop (1.38 mil)
  19. Relationship of mulch (VIF vs TIF) and rate of product used! VIF = > 50 GPA TIF = ???? Paladin Pic (DMDS + Pic)
  20. Percent nutsedge control at pepper harvest. TyTy, GA Spring 2011. 25 G 50 G Paladin Pic Rate 89 a 43 c 94 a 75 b TIF Herbicide included = Devrinol preplant and Dual Magnum POST VIF TIF VIF
  21. Fumigant + Mulch + Herbicides Cost Comparison 3-WAY (LDPE) $820 $984 WSP (350 lb, VIF) $889 $1059 Paladin Pic (50 G, VIF) $971 $1156 Paladin Pic (40 G, TIF) $934 $1115 *Assume 32 inch bedtop. All systems except MB include Devrinol ($10/lb) and Dual Magnum ($80/gal) costs. Vapam $4.35/G; Pic-Chlor 60 $3.40/lb; Paladin Pic $2.75/lb; WSP $3.25/lb; MB $7/lb) 6 ft center 5 ft center
  22. Moisture must be ideal Compaction No previous crop residue Purge injection lines before lifting shank from soil. Mitigating Smell Issues
  23. Based on mean daily low soil temp at 8” 50-54 F: 42 day plant back 55-60 F: 35 day plant back 61-70 F: 28 day plant back >70 F: 21 day plant back Paladin Pic Plant Back Interval
  24. Paladin Pic Buffer Zone
  25. Significant Efforts with WSP in 2011
  26. New fumigant system-minimal release in 2012. Mixture of Paladin, chloropicirn, and Telone II.* Trade name in development. Twenty eight acres in 2011 (4 application times) Data in 2010 and 2011 looks very good. WSP *Patent pending
  27. Percent weed control by the WSP + Herbicide Program. 2010 97 Spring pepper Fall pepper Tomato 93 99 99 99 99 Yields equal to Paladin Pic, MB, and 3-WAY + herbicides.
  28. Percent weed control by the WSP + Herbicide Program. 2011 90 Spring pepper Fall pepper Tomato 98 99 99 99 99 Yields equal to Paladin Pic, MB, and 3-WAY + herbicides. 99 99 99
  29. Percent weed control by the WSP + Herbicide Program. 2011 90 Spring pepper Fall pepper Tomato 98 99 99 99 99 Yields equal to Paladin Pic, MB, and 3-WAY + herbicides. 99 99 99
  30. Response of Root Knot nematode to the WSP. Langston, 2010. 0 b Incidence 97 a 8 b Severity 3.6 a 0.008 b 0.05 b
  31. Limit use, but would suggest trying. Use high barrier mulch on Paladin label. Do not cut rate (350 lb/A). An odor does exist, be cautious. Have TriEst-Ag present if at all possible. Your feedback is definitely needed! WSP
  32. Less effective than UGA 3-WAY, WSP, or Paladin Pic. However, with one or two crop only systems it can be effective, especially when Sandea can be used. Limited odor concerns. Easy to apply. Herbicides needed! Pic Chlor 60
  33. Nutsedge Response to Pic Chlor 60 plus herbicides in PEPPER. Ponder, 2010. LSD for spring = 6; LSD for fall = 7. Plots were 1 bed by 50 feet. Spring soil temp 55 F; Fall soil temp 89. 21 G VIF 35 G VIF 85 68 85 98
  34. Fumigant + Mulch + Herbicides Cost Comparison 3-WAY (LDPE) $820 $984 Pic Chlor 60 (28 G, VIF) $888 $1057 WSP (350 lb, VIF) $889 $1059 Paladin Pic (50 G, VIF) $971 $1156 *Assume 32 inch bedtop. All systems except MB include Devrinol ($10/lb) and Dual Magnum ($80/gal) costs. Vapam $4.35/G; Pic-Chlor 60 $3.40/lb; Paladin Pic $2.75/lb; WSP $3.25/lb; MB $7/lb 6 ft center 5 ft center
  35. Herbicide boom Herbicide Preplant Application Method
  36. Herbicide Program for Pepper: 1. Devrinol applied preplant under mulch. (Command?) 2. Dual Magnum applied topically 7 to 10 d after transplant 3. Select Max without adjuvant as needed (grass <3 inch) Herbicide Program for Eggplant and Pepper Several of these labels are for GA growers only. Reflex label for pepper expected early 2012. Herbicide Program for Eggplant: 1. Devrinol applied preplant under mulch. 2. Select Max without adjuvant as needed (grass <3 inch)
  37. Herbicide Program Tomato Herbicide Program for Tomato SOON: 1. Devrinol preplant under mulch. (Metribuzin?) 2. Dual Magnum applied topically 7 to 10 d after transplant 3. Sandea POST 4. Select Max without adjuvant as needed (grass <3 inch) Herbicide Program for Tomato CURRENTLY: 1. Devrinol + Dual Magnum preplant under mulch. (Metribuzin?) 2. Sandea POST 3. Select Max without adjuvant as needed (grass <3 inch) Several of these labels are for GA growers only. Reflex label for pepper expected early 2012.
  38. Mulch stability of high barrier films. Rise in fumigant/mulch system costs. Planting interval after fumigating. ISSUES!
  39. Mulch Stability is a Serious Problem
  40. Mulch Stability is a Serious Problem
  41. 6 months after application
  42. In cooperation with TriEst Ag, our goal will be to develop WSP and Paladin Pic systems with 2 or 3 mulches with high *Product quality *Product stability *Manufacture stability *Economical Mulch Stability Effort
  43. Fumigant + Mulch + Herbicide Costs to Growers Rise Sharply 3-WAY = $843 $984 Cost per acre land assuming treating 53% of the land area, 5 ft center. 2011 2012 +14.3%
  44. Fumigant + Mulch + Herbicide Costs to Growers Rise Sharply 3-WAY = $843 $984 Cost per acre land assuming treating 53% of the land area, 5 ft center. 2011 2012 +14.3% Something has to give?? Research will begin efforts to reduce the need of fumigant/mulch systems in an effort to remain sustainable.
  45. This is the one area it does not currently appear that we will be able to replace methyl bromide. UGA 3-WAY: 15 to 30 days Paladin Pic: 21-40 days WSP: ????? Planting Interval For Fumigants
  46. Questions?