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The Search for MB Alternatives Continues During 2005

Stanley Culpepper
Extension Weed Specialist
University of Georgia
Tifton, GA

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

The Search for MB Alternatives Continues During 2005 Objectives Efforts Have Focused Photo Fumigants and Rates (2002 to 2004) Spring 2005 Efforts Fall 2005 Efforts Fumigant Options Telone II (12 G) fb Vapam (75 G) Telone C35 (35G) fb Pic (150 lbs) Telone II (12 G) fb Chloropicrin (150 lbs) fb Vapam (75 G) Fumgiant Options Soil Properties and Application Method Will Play a Crucial Role MIDAS, Bromide, Pic and Exp. Applications of Telone II Vapam Application Second Attempt Metam Application Fall Fumgiant Treatments Mulches Searching For Methyl Bromide Alternatives To Manage Nutsedge In Field Cooperators Photo Percent Nutsedge Control by Fumigants. Ponder Farm Percent Nutsedge Control by Fumigants. Ponder Farm Percent Nutsedge Control by Fumigants Applied Under Various Mulches Percent Nutsedge Control by Fumigants Applied Under Various Mulches Percent Nutsedge Control by Fumigants Applied Under Various Mulches No fumigant MB 350 lb/A Broadcast, LDPE Mulch MB 350 lb/A Broadcast, Metalized Smooth Mulch MIDAS 350 lb/A Broadcast, LDPE Mulch MIDAS 350 lb/A Broadcast, Metalized Smooth Mulch Telone II fb Pic fb Vapam Broadcast, LDPE Mulch Telone II fb Pic fb Vapam Broadcast, Metalized Smooth Mulch DMDS 750 lb/A Broadcast, LDPE Mulch DMDS 750 lbs Broadcast, Metalized Smooth Mulch Much research is still needed on metalized mulches Telone II fb chloropicrin Much research is still needed on metalized mulches Cost of Systems Per Acre, 2006 Can we reduce the rate of these fumigants when applied under metalized smooth mulch? Number of Nutsedge Emerged Through Mulch Not Saying There is a Consistent MB Alternative BUT its Time to Try Some Things!!

SLIDE CONTENTS

The Search for MB Alternatives Continues During 2005. University of Georgia Tifton Campus OBJECTIVES Find effective and economical alternatives Reduce the amount of MB used in GA Efforts Have Focused Fumigants Mulch Types Herbicides Fumigants and Rates (2002 to 2004) Methyl Bromide Chloropicrin Vapam Telone II fb chloropicrin Telone II fb metam Telone C35 fb chloropicrin MIDAS DMDS alone and with chloropicrin Spring 2005 Efforts Replicated small plot research trials Replicated field trials (10-20 acres) Demonstration trials (>120 acres) Evaluated over 30 possible fumigant combinations Fall 2005 Efforts Compared three fumigant alternatives Compared various types of plastic mulch Fumigant Options Telone II fb Chloropicrin fb Vapam Telone II (12 G) fb Vapam (75 G) V4-05, 60 DAT Telone C35 (35 G) fb Pic (150 lbs) V4-05, 60 DAT Telone II (12 G) fb Chloropicrin (150 lbs) fb Vapam (75 G) V4-05, 60 DAT Fumgiant Options* Telone II fb chloropicrin fb Vapam MIDAS (methyl iodide plus chloropicrin) DMDS (dimethyl disulfide plus chloropicrin) MB (methyl bromide plus chloropicrin) None Soil Properties and Application Method Will Play A Crucial Role Picture provided by Tony Weiss, Dow Agro. MIDAS, Bromide, Pic and Exp. Applications of Telone II rototiller blades nozzles for KPAM Vapam Application Second Attempt Metam Application Fall Fumgiant Treatments Telone II fb chloropicrin fb Vapam MIDAS (methyl iodide plus chloropicrin) DMDS (dimethyl disulfide plus chloropicrin) MB (methyl bromide plus chloropicrin) None Rates are broadcast: Telone II 12 G, chlororpicrin 150 lb, Vapam 75 G; MIDAS (50:50 mixture) 350 lbs; DMDS (80:20 mixture) 750 lbs; MB (67:33) 350 lbs. Mulches* Low density polyethylene (2 types) Metalized smooth (2 brands) Metalized embossed VIF (2 brands) LDPE mulch white on black, metalized mulch silver on white, VIF black on black Searching For Methyl Bromide Alternatives To Manage Nutsedge A. Stanley Culpepper and MANY others; University of Georgia Treatments and Fumigants Applied: July 14, 2005 Prelude II Squash Planted on August 10, 2005. Photos taken on August 30, 2005. See Summary Information for application procedures etc. In Field Cooperators Hendrix and Dale John Mirusso Dow Agro Sciences Arvesta Cerexagri Fumigants LDPE Percent Nutsedge Control by Fumigants. Ponder Farm, 2005. Fumigants LDPE Percent Nutsedge Control by Fumigants. Ponder Farm, 2005. *Culpepper’s cost per acre for 2006. Three way 24% cheaper than MB at 350 lb. Fumigants LDPE Percent Nutsedge Control by Fumigants Applied Under Various Mulches. Ponder Farm, 2005. Metalized Smooth Fumigants LDPE Percent Nutsedge Control by Fumigants Applied Under Various Mulches. Ponder Farm, 2005. Metalized smooth embossed Fumigants LDPE Percent Nutsedge Control by Fumigants Applied Under Various Mulches. Ponder Farm, 2005. Metalized smooth embossed VIF No fumigant MB 350 lb/A Broadcast, LDPE Mulch White Surface MB 350 lb/A Broadcast, Metalized Smooth Mulch Silver Surface MIDAS 350 lb/A Broadcast, LDPE Mulch White Surface MIDAS 350 lb/A Broadcast, Metalized Smooth Mulch Silver Surface White Surface Telone II (12 Gal) fb Pic (150 lb) fb Vapam (75 G) Broadcast, LDPE Mulch Silver Surface Telone II (12 Gal) fb Pic (150 lb) fb Vapam (75 G) Broadcast, Metalized Smooth Mulch White Surface DMDS 750 lb/A Broadcast, LDPE Mulch Silver Surface DMDS 750 lbs Broadcast, Metalized Smooth Mulch Much research is still needed on metalized mulches: Interval between fumigating and planting. VIF LDPE Telone II fb chloropicrin Transplanted 21 DAT Much research is still needed on metalized mulches: Interval between fumigating and planting. Difficulty to lay. Flaking. Longevity compared to standard LDPE mulch. Verify results noted in this trial. Higher price. Fumigants LDPE Cost of Systems Per Acre, 2006. Metalized smooth Can we reduce the rate of these fumigants when applied under metalized smooth mulch? Number of Nutsedge Emerged Through Mulch with Methyl Bromide Applied Under LDPE or Metalized Smooth Mulch. 4 WAT. LTF, Fall 2005. Plots were 3 beds by 1500 row feet. Counts made on 3 beds 400 row feet. Not Saying There is a Consistent MB Alternative BUT its Time to Try Some Things!! Questions or Comments?