Slide Presentation

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AUTHOR
Stanley Culpepper
Professor and Extension Weed Specialist
University of Georgia

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
  1. Weed Management for Wheat 2024/2025
  2. Ryegrass is Threatening Production
  3. Weed Management for Wheat 2024/2025
  4. Preplant Options - No Plants At Planting
  5. Annual Ryegrass Herbicide Options - Systems approach
  6. Annual Ryegrass Herbicide Options - Earlyish and POST
  7. Annual Ryegrass Herbicide Options - DO NOT APPLY THE SAME CHEMISTRY 2 YEARS IN A ROW
  8. Example Program for Ryegrass
  9. Some Growers in GA May Have to Get Creative
  10. In-Crop Broadleaf Herbicides
  11. In-Crop Broadleaf Herbicides
  12. Harmony Extra TS + MCPA vs. Quelex + MCPA
  13. What about other weeds like Henbit
  14. Anything New?
  15. Take Home



SLIDE CONTENTS
  1. Weed Management for Wheat 2024/2025 Stanley Culpepper University of Georgia Tifton, Georgia Pest Mgmt Toolbox is in Trouble! 1772
  2. Ryegrass is Threating Production Ryegrass, ryegrass, ryegrass Resistance is spreading fast No new herbicides Rotation is part of the solution Ryegrass must not be emerged when planting! Can you deep turn?
  3. Ryegrass planted 0.5” inch without tillage. Ryegrass planted 0.5” followed by deep turning. Weed Management for Wheat 2024/2025 Seed only emerges close to soil surface Life of seed similar to pigweed (shortish)
  4. 1. Tillage 2. Roundup (full+ rate; best single option) 3. Gramoxone 4. Harmony Extra TS (broadleaves) 5. Quelex (broadleaves) 6. Select 30 d plant back 7. 2,4-D: 24 d plant back 8. Valor: 30 d plant back Preplant Options – No Plants At Planting
  5. Annual Ryegrass Herbicide Options Critical To Understand: A systems approach similar to those used in agronomic crops is needed: no ryegrass at planting, early herbicide application focusing on residual control, 3) AND a POST is needed
  6. Earlyish: Anthem Flex, Axiom, Fierce, Zidua, Prowl POST (usually ~ Christmas): Axial Bold, Osprey, Powerflex Annual Ryegrass Herbicide Options Critical To Understand: Similar to agronomic crops a systems approach of no ryegrass at planting, early herbicide, AND a POST is needed
  7. Earlyish: Anthem Flex, Axiom, Fierce, Zidua, Prowl POST (usually ~ Christmas): Axial Bold, Osprey, Powerflex Annual Ryegrass Herbicide Options Critical To Understand: Similar to agronomic crops a systems approach of no ryegrass at planting, early herbicide, AND a POST is needed ALSO CRITICAL: DO NOT APPLY THE SAME CHEMISTRY IN THE SAME FIELD EVEN 2 YEARS IN A ROW
  8. Example Program for Ryegrass Roundup or tillage if emerged just before planting Zidua or Fierce after planting (follow restrictions) Axial Bold or PowerFlex/Osprey
  9. “The concentration of the chaff material places weed seeds in an environment unsuitable for germination and emergence.” “Seed impact mills that utilize metal parts at high velocity to crack the seeds as they move through the mill, thereby greatly reducing their viability.” Very good but requires lots of power and expensive! Photo and text credit: Lauren Lazaro LSU/Blue River Some Growers in GA May Have to Get Creative Chaff Lining
  10. 2,4-D Harmony Extra MCPA Osprey PowerFlex Quelex In-Crop Broadleaf Herbicides
  11. 2,4-D Harmony Extra MCPA Osprey PowerFlex Quelex In-Crop Broadleaf Herbicides 1) MCPA + Harmony or Quelex 2) 2,4-D + Harmony or Quelex 3) Harmony or Quelex fb MCPA or 2,4-D
  12. Quelex + MCPA Harmony Extra TS + MCPA Wild Radish is # 1 Statewide
  13. < 18 plants/m2: generally, no impact on yield 82 plants/m2: reduced yield up to 48% Competition greater in winter months Easily shaded out when blooming If weeds are managed for the first 30 to 50 days, there will be no reduction in yield. Hannah Wright 2022 Lit Review What about other weeds……like Henbit
  14. Anything New? Three active ingredients Similar to Axial + Quelex We will begin our research this winter In theory, not smart to mix a broadleaf herbicide with a ryegrass herbicide but let’s see
  15. For ryegrass, has to be more than just herbicides Herbicide program for ryegrass: none at planting, residual early, and timely topical application. For broadleaves, MCPA + Harmony or Quelex very effective across the state. Take Home