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Stanley Culpepper
Professor and Extension Weed Specialist
University of Georgia

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
  1. 2014 Weed Control Tactics - Alabama Vegetable Conference
  2. Weed Control Responsibilities
  3. Weed Management At Its Best
  4. Agronomic Weed Control
  5. Resistance Impacts Agronomic Crops
  6. Changes in Herbicide Management
  7. Grown of Hand Weeding
  8. Tillage is now a common scene
  9. Weed Management At Its Best - Diversification
  10. Replacing Methyl Bromide - Great Progress
  11. Herbicides for Specialty Crops
  12. New GA Veggie Labels Last 7 Yr
  13. Grower Standard + Future Product?
  14. Herbicides More Available for GA Vegetable Growers
  15. Why So Successful?
  16. Why So Successful? - Indemnified Labels & 3rd Party Registration
  17. Why So Successful? - IR-4
  18. Limitations and Concerns
  19. Limitations and Concerns - Limited number of scientists
  20. Dual PRE vs Dual POST
  21. Herbicide Injury
  22. Herbicides Can Only Be As Good As the Person Applying Them - Droplet Size
  23. GreenLeaf TwinJet vs Air Induction
  24. ASAE S-572.1 Spray Tip Classification by Droplet Size
  25. Herbicides Can Only Be As Good As the Person Applying Them - Adjuvants
  26. Photo
  27. Herbicides Can Only Be As Good As the Person Applying Them - Persistence
  28. Reflex
  29. Herbicides Can Only Be As Good As the Person Applying Them - Relationship with mulch
  30. Roundup Preplant
  31. Sandea Dissipation on Mulch
  32. Herbicides Can Only Be As Good As the Person Applying Them - Labels
  33. Weed Management At Its Best - Mechanical
  34. Photo
  35. Deep Tillage vs Palmer Almaranth
  36. Photo
  37. Influence of burial depth on Palmer amaranth emergence
  38. Deep Turn vs Drilled
  39. Nutsedge Number 1 Problem in Plastic
  40. Don't plow unless you have to!!!!!!!!!!
  41. Photo
  42. Weed Management At Its Best - Cultural
  43. Rolling Creates a Mulch that is Critical in Reducing Palmer amaranth Emergence
  44. After Cover is Terminated and it Rains; Planting will be Ideal for a Significant Amount of Time
  45. Rye Mulch Reduces Palmer Emergence
  46. Rye/Mulch System
  47. Palmer amaranth as influenced by herbicide, rye cover crop, and fumigant.
  48. Annual grass as influenced by herbicide, rye cover crop, and fumigant.
  49. Yellow nutsedge as influenced by herbicide, rye cover crop, and fumigant.
  50. Rye/Mulch System - Fumigant under mulch if wanted
  51. Rye/Mulch System - Two Biggest Challenges
  52. Diversity and Integration = Survival
  53. Rapid Growth Becoming Extremely Large
  54. Number of Seed Produced per Plant
  55. Palmer amaranth seed production allows for rapid field domination
  56. Weakness of Pigweeds
  57. Nutsedge Tuber Production: The Key
  58. About 3 wk after emergence = tubers
  59. ROTATE DISKING WITH ROUNDUP EVERY 3 WKS.
  60. Hoelon 2X rate
  61. PowerFlex or Osprey at 3X rate
  62. Axial XL 2X rate
  63. Was A Future Product
  64. EPA will have great influence
  65. INDUSTRY
  66. Questions/Comments
  67. Cotton/Melon Intercropping
  68. Cotton/Cucurbit Intercropping
  69. Cantaloupe-Cotton Intercropping
  70. Watermelon-Cotton Intercropping
  71. Row crop with Cucurbit crop
  72. Comments?



SLIDE CONTENTS
  1. 2014 Weed Control Tactics – Alabama Vegetable Conference Stanley Culpepper UGA Tifton Campus
  2. Weed Control Responsibilities
  3. Weed Management At Its Best
  4. Agronomic Weed Control
  5. Resistance Impacts Agronomic Crops
  6. Changes in Herbicide Management 2002: $24/A 2010: $63/A Roundup Burndown Roundup POST 1 Roundup POST 2 Roundup + diuron PD Roundup + Valor Burndown1 Gramoxone + Reflex + Direx PRE Roundup + Staple POST 1 Roundup + Dual POST 2 Direx + MSMA PD
  7. Photo by A.C. York 2010 2004: 17% of growers hand-weeded 5% cotton acres at $2.40/A 2010: 92% of growers hand-weeded 52% cotton acres at $23.70/A
  8. Tillage is now a common scene 2004: 13.1% of cotton acres cultivated 2010: 32.1% of cotton acres cultivated Herbicide incorporation: 264,266 A (26.7%) Deep turn: 256,075 A last 3 yr
  9. Weed Management At Its Best DIVERSIFICATION
  10. Replacing Methyl Bromide – Great Progress Breakout session-this afternoon
  11. Herbicides for Specialty Crops Many believe few options currently available with few products on the horizon!
  12. New GA Veggie Labels Last 7 Yr 1. Chateau tomato RM 2. Chateau pepper RM 3. Chateau eggplant RM 4. Chateau watermelon RM 5. Chateau cantaloupe RM 6. Chateau cucumber RM 7. Chateau squash RM 8. Dual Magnum pepper topical 9. Dual Magnum broccoli topical 10. Dual Magnum cabbage topical 11. Dual Magnum collards topical 12. Dual Magnum cauliflower topical 13. Reflex tomato preplant 14. Reflex pepper preplant 15. Caparol in Okra 16. Sandea in Okra 17. Dual Mag. Carrot 18. Dual Mag. Watermelon 19. Dual Mag Cantaloupe 20. Dual Mag. Sweet Potato 21. Dual Mag. POST in Tomato 22. Dual Mag. POST in Beans 23. Dual Mag. POST in Kale 24. Dual Mag. POST in Collard 25. Reflex in Watermelon 26. Reflex in Squash 27. Reflex in Pumpkin 28. Treflan - Intercropping
  13. Grower Standard + Future Product? Grower Standard (not a check!!) Notice pigweed
  14. Herbicides More Available for GA Vegetable Growers 4 NEW HERBICIDE USES PER YEAR ON AVERAGE OVER LAST 7 YEARS
  15. Why So Successful? University/Commodity Commission/Department of Ag
  16. Why So Successful? University/Commodity Commission/Department of Ag Syngenta Indemnified Labels Valent 3rd party registration
  17. Why So Successful? University/Commodity Commission/Department of Ag Syngenta Indemnified Labels Valent 3rd party registration IR-4
  18. Limitations and Concerns Limited number of scientists working in specialty crops. Most growers scared to death of herbicides
  19. Limitations and Concerns 1. Limited number of scientists working in specialty crops. - most of our labels 10-12 studies - new corn label 550 studies
  20. Dual PRE Dual POST
  21. Herbicide Injury Greatly influenced by excess moisture, cold, and incorrect spray calibration.
  22. Herbicides Can Only Be As Good As the Person Applying Them 1. Droplet Size –nozzle, pressure, speed
  23. GreenLeaf TwinJet Air Induction There is a fine line between drift management and weed control!
  24. Table 1. ASAE S-572.1 Spray Tip Classification by Droplet Size1. 1Source: TeeJet Technologies Catalog 51, page 136. 2VMD = Volume median diameter.
  25. Herbicides Can Only Be As Good As the Person Applying Them Droplet Size –nozzle, pressure, speed Adjuvants – some products need
  26. Photo credit: Webster
  27. Herbicides Can Only Be As Good As the Person Applying Them Droplet Size –nozzle, pressure, speed Adjuvants – some products need Persistence
  28. No Reflex Reflex 1 pt/A applied 205 days before transplanting
  29. Herbicides Can Only Be As Good As the Person Applying Them Droplet Size –nozzle, pressure, speed Adjuvants – some products need Persistence Relationship with mulch
  30. Roundup Preplant No Roundup
  31. Sandea Dissipation on Mulch
  32. Herbicides Can Only Be As Good As the Person Applying Them Droplet Size –nozzle, pressure, speed Adjuvants – some products need Persistence Relationship with mulch Labels – www.cdms.net Extension/Manufacture/Dealer
  33. Weed Management At Its Best DIVERSIFICATION
  34. No Deep Tillage Deep Turn No Herbicide Treatment Number of Palmer Amaranth Plants During Early Season. Macon Co., Georgia 2008.*
  35. Influence of burial depth on Palmer amaranth emergence Keeley et al. (1987) reported 36-44% emergence at 0-1”, 7% at 2”, and 2% at 3”.
  36. Deep Turn Drilled
  37. Nutsedge Number 1 Problem in Plastic
  38. Don’t plow unless you have to!!!!!!!!!!
  39. Weed Management At Its Best DIVERSIFICATION
  40. Rolling Creates a Mulch that is Critical in Reducing Palmer amaranth Emergence
  41. After Cover is Terminated and it Rains; Planting will be Ideal for a Significant Amount of Time
  42. 70 to 95% control in middle Rye Mulch Reduces Palmer Emergence
  43. Rye/Mulch System
  44. 7830 b 88,015 d 30,350 c no herbicide no rye 2465 a Palmer amaranth plants per acre as influenced by herbicide, rye cover crop, and fumigant. no herbicide rye herbicides no rye herbicides rye
  45. 1740 b 62350 c 2030 b no herbicide no rye 435 a Annual grass plants per acre as influenced by herbicide, rye cover crop, and fumigant. no herbicide rye herbicides no rye herbicides rye
  46. 8845 c 44,805 d 5945 b no herbicide no rye 2900 a Yellow nutsedge plants per acre as influenced by herbicide, rye cover crop, and fumigant. no herbicide rye herbicides no rye herbicides rye
  47. Rye/Mulch System Fumigant under mulch if wanted
  48. Rye/Mulch System Two Biggest Challenges: Time required to get rye established Delay in maturity
  49. BIOLOGY Integrated to remain sustainable Management programs Diversity and Integration = Survival
  50. Rapid Growth Becoming Extremely Large
  51. 230 K 250 28 K 309 K Giant ragweed 450 K Number of Seed Produced per Plant Ragweed = Harrison et al. 2001; johnsongrass = Warwick and Black (1983); horseweed = Regehr and Bazzaz (1979); waterhemp = Nordby and Hartzler (2004); Palmer amaranth = Macrae et al (2009). Johnson-grass Horseweed Waterhemp Palmer amaranth
  52. Palmer amaranth seed production allows for rapid field domination Year 1 Year 3 to 4
  53. Weakness of Pigweeds Emergence depth! Seed life longevity? Light requirement for emergence.
  54. Nutsedge Tuber Production: The Key YEAR 1: 10 plants (tuber) survive fumigation 35,000 plants ready for year 2 YEAR 2: control = 95% control (1750 plants survive) 6,125,000 plants ready for year 3 YEAR 3: control = 95% control (306,250 plants survive) 1,071,875,000 plants ready for year 4
  55. About 3 wk after emergence = tubers
  56. ROTATE DISKING WITH ROUNDUP EVERY 3 WKS. ADD SANDEA IN WITH ROUNDUP ONCE IF NOT CARRYOVER PROBLEMS
  57. Non-treated control Hoelon 2X rate
  58. Non-treated control PowerFlex 3X rate or Osprey at 3X rate
  59. Non-treated control Axial XL 2X rate
  60. Non-treated control Was A Future Product
  61. EPA will have great influence Regulatory More difficult to get new tools Loss of old tools Media sensitivity More paperwork Required training
  62. INDUSTRY Georgia Department of Agriculture Commissioner Gary Black
  63. Questions/Comments Culpepper, University of Georgia, Tifton Campus
  64. Cotton/Melon Intercropping Melons planted as normal Cotton generally planted about 3 week later. GA acreage exceed 3000 during 2013
  65. Cotton/Cucurbit Intercropping Cantaloupe Squash Watermelon 30 days after transplant
  66. Cantaloupe-Cotton Intercropping
  67. Watermelon-Cotton Intercropping
  68. Comments?